There are many different forms of arthritis, each of which has a different cause. Most joint disorders involve arthritis, but joint damage by external physical trauma is typically not termed arthritis.Īrthropathies are called polyarticular (multiarticular) when involving many joints and monoarticular when involving only a single joint.Īrthritis is the leading cause of disability in people over the age of 55. Ī joint disorder is termed arthropathy, and when involving inflammation of one or more joints the disorder is called arthritis. Swimming is a great way to exercise the joints with minimal damage. knee joint)įurther information: Arthropathy and Arthritisĭamaging the cartilage of joints ( articular cartilage) or the bones and muscles that stabilize the joints can lead to joint dislocations and osteoarthritis. Complex joint: two or more articulation surfaces and an articular disc or meniscus (e.g.Compound joint: three or more articulation surfaces (e.g.Simple joint: two articulation surfaces (e.g.According to the anatomic classification, joints are subdivided into simple and compound, depending on the number of bones involved, and into complex and combination joints: ![]() Joints can also be classified based on their anatomy or on their biomechanical properties. Types of articular surfaces include trochlear surfaces. A further classification is according to the number and shapes of the articular surfaces: flat, concave and convex surfaces. Another classification is according to the degrees of freedom allowed, and distinguished between joints with one, two or three degrees of freedom. Joints can also be classified, according to the number of axes of movement they allow, into nonaxial (gliding, as between the proximal ends of the ulna and radius), monoaxial (uniaxial), biaxial and multiaxial. Synovial joints can in turn be classified into six groups according to the type of movement they allow: plane joint, ball and socket joint, hinge joint, pivot joint, condyloid joint and saddle joint.
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